util.c

/*
 * OwnTracks Recorder
 * Copyright (C) 2015-2025 Jan-Piet Mens <jpmens@gmail.com>
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
 * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
 * of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301, USA.
 */

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <syslog.h>
#include "util.h"
#include "misc.h"
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <math.h>
#ifdef WITH_TOURS
#ifdef __OpenBSD__
# include <uuid.h>
#else
# include <uuid/uuid.h>
#endif
#endif
#include "udata.h"

#ifndef LINESIZE
# define LINESIZE (32 * 1024)
#endif

int is_directory(char *path)
{
	struct stat sb;

	if (stat(path, &sb) != 0)
		return (0);
	return (S_ISDIR(sb.st_mode));
}

const char *isotime(time_t t) {
        static char buf[] = "YYYY-MM-DDTHH:MM:SSZ";

        strftime(buf, sizeof(buf), "%FT%TZ", gmtime(&t));
        return(buf);
}

const char *disptime(time_t t) {
        static char buf[] = "YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS";

        strftime(buf, sizeof(buf), "%F %T", gmtime(&t));
        return(buf);
}

#ifdef WITH_TZ
const char *isolocal(long tst, char *tzname)
{
	static char last_timezone[BUFSIZ] = "UTC";
        static char local[128];
        struct tm *tm;

	/*
	 * Switch $TZ only if we have to, as it's an expensive
	 * operation. By tuning this we reduced runtime for 2000 positions
	 * from 3 minutes to < 0.1s
	 */
	if (strcmp(last_timezone, tzname) != 0) {
		// fprintf(stderr, "isolocal: %s -> %s\n", last_timezone, tzname);
		strcpy(last_timezone, tzname);
		setenv("TZ", tzname, 1);
	}

        strcpy(local, "-");
        if ((tm = localtime((time_t *)&tst)) != NULL) {
                strftime(local, sizeof(local), "%FT%T%z", tm);
        }

        return (local);
}
#endif

char *slurp_file(char *filename, int fold_newlines)
{
	FILE *fp;
	char *buf, *bp;
	off_t len;
	int ch;

	if ((fp = fopen(filename, "rb")) == NULL)
		return (NULL);

	if (fseeko(fp, 0, SEEK_END) != 0) {
		fclose(fp);
		return (NULL);
	}
	len = ftello(fp);
	fseeko(fp, 0, SEEK_SET);

	if ((bp = buf = malloc(len + 1)) == NULL) {
		fclose(fp);
		return (NULL);
	}
	while ((ch = fgetc(fp)) != EOF) {
		if (ch == '\n') {
			if (!fold_newlines)
				*bp++ = ch;
		} else *bp++ = ch;
	}
	*bp = 0;
	fclose(fp);

	return (buf);
}

/* Copy the node into obj */
int json_copy_element_to_object(JsonNode *obj, char *key, JsonNode *node)
{
	if (obj->tag != JSON_OBJECT || node == NULL)
		return (FALSE);

	if (node->tag == JSON_STRING)
		json_append_member(obj, key, json_mkstring(node->string_));
	else if (node->tag == JSON_NUMBER)
		json_append_member(obj, key, json_mknumber(node->number_));
	else if (node->tag == JSON_BOOL)
		json_append_member(obj, key, json_mkbool(node->bool_));
	else if (node->tag == JSON_NULL)
		json_append_member(obj, key, json_mknull());

	return (TRUE);
}

int json_copy_to_object(JsonNode * obj, JsonNode * object_or_array, int clobber)
{
	JsonNode *node;

	if (obj->tag != JSON_OBJECT && obj->tag != JSON_ARRAY)
		return (FALSE);

	json_foreach(node, object_or_array) {
		if (!clobber & (json_find_member(obj, node->key) != NULL))
			continue;	/* Don't clobber existing keys */
		if (obj->tag == JSON_OBJECT) {
			if (node->tag == JSON_STRING)
				json_append_member(obj, node->key, json_mkstring(node->string_));
			else if (node->tag == JSON_NUMBER)
				json_append_member(obj, node->key, json_mknumber(node->number_));
			else if (node->tag == JSON_BOOL)
				json_append_member(obj, node->key, json_mkbool(node->bool_));
			else if (node->tag == JSON_NULL)
				json_append_member(obj, node->key, json_mknull());
			else if (node->tag == JSON_ARRAY) {
				JsonNode       *array = json_mkarray();
				json_copy_to_object(array, node, clobber);
				json_append_member(obj, node->key, array);
			} else if (node->tag == JSON_OBJECT) {
				JsonNode       *newobj = json_mkobject();
				json_copy_to_object(newobj, node, clobber);
				json_append_member(obj, node->key, newobj);
			} else
				printf("PANIC: unhandled JSON type %d\n", node->tag);
		} else if (obj->tag == JSON_ARRAY) {
			if (node->tag == JSON_STRING)
				json_append_element(obj, json_mkstring(node->string_));
			if (node->tag == JSON_NUMBER)
				json_append_element(obj, json_mknumber(node->number_));
			if (node->tag == JSON_BOOL)
				json_append_element(obj, json_mkbool(node->bool_));
			if (node->tag == JSON_NULL)
				json_append_element(obj, json_mknull());
		}
	}
	return (TRUE);
}

/*
 * Open filename for reading; slurp in the whole file and attempt
 * to decode JSON from it into the JSON object at `obj'. TRUE on success, FALSE on failure.
 */

int json_copy_from_file(JsonNode *obj, char *filename)
{
	char *js_string;
	JsonNode *node;

	if ((js_string = slurp_file(filename, TRUE)) == NULL) {
		return (FALSE);
	}

	if ((node = json_decode(js_string)) == NULL) {
		fprintf(stderr, "json_copy_from_file can't decode JSON from %s\n", filename);
		free(js_string);
		return (FALSE);
	}
	json_copy_to_object(obj, node, FALSE);
	json_delete(node);
	free(js_string);

	return (TRUE);
}

#define strprefix(s, pfx) (strncmp((s), (pfx), strlen(pfx)) == 0)

#define MAXPARTS 40

/*
 * Split the string at `s', separated by characters in `sep'
 * into individual strings, in array `parts'. The caller must
 * free `parts'.
 * Returns -1 on error, or the number of parts.
 */

int splitter(char *s, char *sep, char **parts)
{
        char *token, *p, *ds = strdup(s);
        int nt = 0;

	if (!ds)
		return (-1);

	for (token = strtok(ds, sep);
		token && *token && nt < (MAXPARTS - 1); token = strtok(NULL, sep)) {
		if ((p = strdup(token)) == NULL)
			return (-1);
		parts[nt++] = p;
        }
	parts[nt] = NULL;

        free(ds);
        return (nt);
}

void splitterfree(char **parts)
{
	int n;

	for (n = 0; parts[n] != NULL; n++)
		free(parts[n]);
}

/*
 * Split a string separated by characters in `sep' into a JSON
 * array and return that or NULL on error.
 */

JsonNode *json_splitter(char *s, char *sep)
{
	char *token, *ds = strdup(s);
	JsonNode *array = json_mkarray();

	if (!ds || !array)
		return (NULL);

	for (token = strtok(ds, sep); token && *token; token = strtok(NULL, sep)) {
		json_append_element(array, json_mkstring(token));
        }

	free(ds);
	return (array);
}


/* Return the numeric LOG_ value for a syslog facilty name.  */

int syslog_facility_code(char *facility)
{
	struct _log {
		char *name;
		int val;
	};
	static struct _log codes[] = {
		{"kern", LOG_KERN},
		{"user", LOG_USER},
		{"mail", LOG_MAIL},
		{"daemon", LOG_DAEMON},
		{"auth", LOG_AUTH},
		{"syslog", LOG_SYSLOG},
		{"lpr", LOG_LPR},
		{"news", LOG_NEWS},
		{"uucp", LOG_UUCP},
		{"local0", LOG_LOCAL0},
		{"local1", LOG_LOCAL1},
		{"local2", LOG_LOCAL2},
		{"local3", LOG_LOCAL3},
		{"local4", LOG_LOCAL4},
		{"local5", LOG_LOCAL5},
		{"local6", LOG_LOCAL6},
		{"local7", LOG_LOCAL7},
		{NULL, -1}
	},  *lp;


	for (lp = codes; lp->val != -1; lp++) {
		if (!strcasecmp(facility, lp->name))
			return (lp->val);
	}
	return (LOG_LOCAL0);
}

void olog(int level, char *fmt, ...)
{
	va_list ap;
	static UT_string *u = NULL;

	va_start(ap, fmt);
	utstring_renew(u);

	utstring_printf_va(u, fmt, ap);

	/*
	 * I can't get syslog to do anything when running in docker
	 * so trying this instead. Inefficient with the getenv() here
	 * but will have to do for the time being.
	 */

	if (getenv("DOCKER_RUNNING") != NULL) {
		fprintf(stderr, "+ %s\n", UB(u));
	} else {
		syslog(level, "%s", UB(u));
	}

	va_end(ap);
}

void debug(struct udata *ud, char *fmt, ...)
{
	va_list ap;
	static UT_string *u = NULL;

	if (ud->debug == FALSE)
		return;

	va_start(ap, fmt);
	utstring_renew(u);

	utstring_printf_va(u, fmt, ap);

	fprintf(stderr, "+++++ [%s]\n", UB(u));

	va_end(ap);
}

const char *yyyymm(time_t t) {
        static char buf[] = "YYYY-MM";

        strftime(buf, sizeof(buf), "%Y-%m", gmtime(&t));
        return(buf);
}

/*
 * Read the open file fp (which must have file poiter at EOF) line by line
 * backwards.
 * (http://stackoverflow.com/questions/14834267/)
 */

static char *tac_gets(char *buf, int n, FILE * fp)
{
	long fpos;
	int cpos;
	int first = 1;

	if (n <= 1 || (fpos = ftell(fp)) == -1 || fpos == 0)
		return (NULL);

	cpos = n - 1;
	buf[cpos] = '\0';

	while (1) {
		int c;

		if (fseek(fp, --fpos, SEEK_SET) != 0 ||
		    (c = fgetc(fp)) == EOF)
			return (NULL);

		if (c == '\n' && first == 0)	/* accept at most one '\n' */
			break;
		first = 0;

		if (c != '\r') {/* ignore DOS/Windows '\r' */
			unsigned char ch = c;
			if (cpos == 0) {
				memmove(buf + 1, buf, n - 2);
				++cpos;
			}
			memcpy(buf + --cpos, &ch, 1);
		}
		if (fpos == 0) {
			fseek(fp, 0, SEEK_SET);
			break;
		}
	}

	memmove(buf, buf + cpos, n - cpos);

	return (buf);
}

/*
 * Open filename and read lines from it, invoking func() on each line. Func
 * is passed the line and an arbitrary argument pointer.
 * If filename is "-", read stdin.
 */

int cat(char *filename, int (*func)(char *, void *), void *param)
{
	FILE *fp;
	char buf[LINESIZE], *bp;
	int rc = 0, doclose = FALSE;

	if (strcmp(filename, "-") != 0) {
		if ((fp = fopen(filename, "r")) == NULL) {
			fprintf(stderr, "failed to open file \'%s\'\n", filename);
			return (-1);
		}
		doclose = TRUE;
	} else {
		fp = stdin;
	}

	while (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), fp) != NULL) {
		if ((bp = strchr(buf, '\n')) != NULL)
			*bp = 0;
		rc = func(buf, param);
		if (rc == -1)
			break;
	}
	if (doclose)
		fclose(fp);
	return (rc);
}

/*
 * Open file and read at most `lines' lines from it in reverse, invoking
 * func() on each line. The user-supplied func() is passed the line and
 * an argument. If func returns 1, the line is considered "printed"; if
 * 0 is returned it is ignored, and if -2 is returned, tac stops reading
 * the file and returns.
 */

int tac(char *filename, long lines, int (*func)(char *, void *), void *param)
{
	FILE *fp;
	long file_len;
	char buf[LINESIZE], *bp;
	int rc;

	if ((fp = fopen(filename, "r")) == NULL) {
		fprintf(stderr, "failed to open file \'%s\'\n", filename);
		return (-1);
	}
	fseek(fp, 0, SEEK_END);
	file_len = ftell(fp);

	if (file_len > 0) {
		while (tac_gets(buf, sizeof(buf), fp) != NULL) {
			if ((bp = strchr(buf, '\n')) != NULL)
				*bp = 0;
			rc = func(buf, param);
			if (rc == 1) {
				if (--lines <= 0)
					break;
			}
			else if (rc == -1)
				break;
		}
	}
	fclose(fp);
	return (0);
}

static void ut_lower(UT_string *us)
{
        char *p;

        for (p = UB(us); p && *p; p++) {
                if (!isalnum(*p) || isspace(*p))
                        *p = '-';
                else if (isupper(*p))
                        *p = tolower(*p);

        }
}

static void ut_clean(UT_string *us)
{
        char *p;

        for (p = UB(us); p && *p; p++) {
                if (isspace(*p))
                        *p = '-';
        }
}

/* Return an open append file pointer to storage for user/device,
   creating directories on the fly. If device is NULL, omit it.
 */

FILE *pathn(char *mode, char *prefix, UT_string *user, UT_string *device, char *suffix, time_t epoch)
{
        static UT_string *path = NULL;

        utstring_renew(path);

        ut_lower(user);

	if (device) {
		ut_lower(device);
		utstring_printf(path, "%s/%s/%s/%s", STORAGEDIR, prefix, UB(user), UB(device));
	} else {
		utstring_printf(path, "%s/%s/%s", STORAGEDIR, prefix, UB(user));
	}

        ut_clean(path);

        if (mkpath(UB(path)) < 0) {
                olog(LOG_ERR, "Cannot create directory at %s: %m", UB(path));
                return (NULL);
        }

	if (strcmp(prefix, "rec") == 0) {
		utstring_printf(path, "/%s.%s", yyyymm(epoch), suffix);
	} else {
		utstring_printf(path, "/%s-%s.%s", UB(user), UB(device), suffix);
	}

        ut_clean(path);

        return (fopen(UB(path), mode));

}

int safewrite(char *filename, char *buf)
{
        char *tmpfile = malloc(strlen(filename) + 3);
        mode_t mode = S_IRUSR|S_IWUSR|S_IRGRP|S_IWGRP|S_IROTH|S_IWOTH;
        int fd;

        if (tmpfile == NULL)
                return (-1);

        sprintf(tmpfile, "%s~", filename);

        if (unlink(tmpfile) == -1) {
                if (errno != ENOENT) {
                        fprintf(stderr, "Failed to remove %s (errno=%d)\n", tmpfile, errno);
                        free(tmpfile);
                        return (-1);
                }
        }

        if ((fd = open(tmpfile, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC, mode)) == -1) {
                fprintf(stderr, "Failed to create %s (errno=%d)\n", tmpfile, errno);
                free(tmpfile);
                return (-1);
        }

        if (write(fd, buf, strlen(buf)) != strlen(buf)) {
                fprintf(stderr, "Failed to write to %s (errno=%d)\n", tmpfile, errno);
                free(tmpfile);
                close(fd);
                return (-1);
        }
	/* Ensure NL-terminated */
	if (buf[strlen(buf) - 1] != '\n') {
          if (write(fd, "\n", 1) != 1) {
            return (-1);
          }
	}

        close(fd);

        if ((rename(tmpfile, filename)) == -1) {
                fprintf(stderr, "Failed to rename %s to %s (errno=%d)\n", tmpfile, filename, errno);
        }

        free(tmpfile);
        return (0);
}

static int _precision = GHASHPREC;
void geohash_setprec(int precision)
{
	_precision = precision;
}

int geohash_prec(void)
{
	return (_precision);
}

void lowercase(char *s)
{
        char *bp;

        for (bp = s; bp && *bp; bp++) {
                if (isupper(*bp))
                        *bp = tolower(*bp);
        }
}

/* http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Haversine_formula#C */
/* Changed to return meters instead of KM (* 1000) */

#define R 6371
#define TO_RAD (3.1415926536 / 180.0)

double haversine_dist(double th1, double ph1, double th2, double ph2)
{
	double dx, dy, dz;
	ph1 -= ph2;
	ph1 *= TO_RAD, th1 *= TO_RAD, th2 *= TO_RAD;

	dz = sin(th1) - sin(th2);
	dx = cos(ph1) * cos(th1) - cos(th2);
	dy = sin(ph1) * cos(th1);

	return asin(sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy + dz * dz) / 2) * 2 * R * 1000;
}

/*
 * Chomp white space at end of string
 */

void chomp(char *s)
{
	char *p;

	if (!s || *s == 0)
		return;

	p = s + strlen(s) - 1;

	while (isspace(*p)) {
		*p-- = 0;
	}
}

double number(JsonNode *j, char *element)
{
	JsonNode *m;
	double d;

	if ((m = json_find_member(j, element)) != NULL) {
		if (m->tag == JSON_NUMBER) {
			return (m->number_);
		} else if (m->tag == JSON_STRING) {
			d = atof(m->string_);
			/* Normalize to number */
			json_delete(m);
			json_append_member(j, element, json_mknumber(d));
			return (d);
		}
	}

	return (NAN);
}

#ifdef WITH_TOURS
char *uuid4()
{
        static char uustr[37];
        uuid_t uu;
#ifdef __OpenBSD__
        uint32_t status;
        char *temp_uustr;

        uuid_create(&uu, &status);
        if (status != uuid_s_ok) {
                printf("could not create uuid\n");
                return (uustr);
        }

        uuid_to_string(&uu, &temp_uustr, &status);
        if (status != uuid_s_ok) {
                printf("could not stringify uuid\n");
                return (uustr);
        }
        strlcpy(uustr, temp_uustr, 37);
#else
        uuid_generate(uu);
        uuid_unparse_lower(uu, uustr);
#endif
        return (uustr);
}

char *toursdir()
{
        static UT_string *path = NULL;

        utstring_renew(path);
	utstring_printf(path, "%s/tours", STORAGEDIR);

	return (UB(path));
}

FILE *tourfile(struct udata *ud, char *filename, char *mode)
{
        static UT_string *path = NULL;

        utstring_renew(path);

	utstring_printf(path, "%s", toursdir());

        ut_clean(path);

        if (mkpath(UB(path)) < 0) {
                olog(LOG_ERR, "Cannot create directory at %s: %m", UB(path));
                return (NULL);
        }
	utstring_printf(path, "/%s", filename);
        return (fopen(UB(path), mode));
}
#endif